Which Mutation In Dna Would Lead To The Change Of A Single Amino Acid In A Protein?
Mutation takes place in genetic DNA. A transfer of genetic message takes place by transcription of RNA. We may say that recipe of a protein is written on double stranded DNA, which is copied on unmarried stranded RNA and taken to ribosomes for protein synthesis. So any change in Dna base pair (mutation) would be truly copied past RNA which may atomic number 82 to germination of abnormal poly peptide.
Protein is primarily formed of a series of amino acids: ofttimes called a polypeptide . 20 amino acids are used by living cells to generate poly peptide. A poly peptide may have a series of simply 9 amino acids (due east.chiliad. oxytocin) or could exist 374 amino acids long (eastward.g. G-actin). Particular sequence of amino acids in a protein is specifically coded by DNA too equally RNA.
Consecutive iii bases on RNA grade a genetic word: called a triplet codon ; it represents an amino acrid. Thus sequence of bases on RNA could exist seen as sequence of triplet codons , written in comma-less mode.
[Four bases of RNA form 64 3-lettered 'words' by different combination of three letters; 61 of these triplets represent 20 amino acids-- thus more than 1 codon could be available for one amino acid . Rest three 'words'-- UAA, UAG, UGA, do non represent an amino acid; they are called nonsense codons.]
(When RNA dictates protein synthesis on the surface of ribosomes, amino acids are attached as per the sequence of codons written on RNA. When a nonsense codon is encountered past ribosome, protein synthesis stops because there is no corresponding amino acid which could exist fastened to the growing polypeptide concatenation. )
Mutation is any change in DNA base of operations pair, which when copied on RNA may change the 'letters' in a codon. Even mutation of a single base pair may alter meaning of codon on RNA.
Despite change in sequence of letters in RNA, a codon could represent same amino acid (considering in that location are more than one codon for each cmino acid). This is called same-sense mutation. Such mutations are phenotypically silent .
Source: https://socratic.org/questions/what-type-of-mutation-will-not-affect-the-protein-produced
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